UCORE Lab 2

UCORE的段页式内存布局 从UCORE启动到物理内存管理的初始化结束,一共加载了3次GDT,实现了由单纯的分段到段页式内存管理的布局。 在内核链接脚本中,内核的加载地址由Lab1中的0x100000改为了0xC0100000: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 OUTPUT_FORMAT("elf32-i386", "elf32-i386", "elf32-i386") OUTPUT_ARCH(i386) ENTRY(kern_entry) SECTIONS { /* Load the kernel at this address: "." means the current address */ . = 0xC0100000; ...... } 根据文档里提到的,这个地址为虚拟地址,后续通过分段和分页来映射到物理地址,实际内核还是放在0x100000的物理地址开始的。这个从bootmain函数中可以看得出来,在加载ELF段的时候对va进行了与操作,去除了地址中的高8位数据,也就是把C0给抹除了: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 // load each program segment (ignores ph flags) ph = (struct proghdr *)((uintptr_t)ELFHDR + ELFHDR->e_phoff); eph = ph + ELFHDR->e_phnum; for (; ph < eph; ph ++) { readseg(ph->p_va & 0xFFFFFF, ph->p_memsz, ph->p_offset); } // call the entry point from the ELF header // note: does not return ((void (*)(void))(ELFHDR->e_entry & 0xFFFFFF))(); 1 - 准备进入内核代码 在boot/bootasm.S中,对GDT进行了第一次设置: ...

Dec. 2, 2022 · 8 min · 1680 words · Jiekang Hu

UCORE Lab 1

Ex.1 Makefile 狗都不看 操作系统镜像文件ucore.img是如何一步一步生成的? make -n可以输出具体执行的命令: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 # Compile Kernel Sources echo + cc kern/init/init.c gcc -Ikern/init/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -c kern/init/init.c -o obj/kern/init/init.o echo + cc kern/libs/stdio.c gcc -Ikern/libs/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -c kern/libs/stdio.c -o obj/kern/libs/stdio.o echo + cc kern/libs/readline.c gcc -Ikern/libs/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -c kern/libs/readline.c -o obj/kern/libs/readline.o echo + cc kern/debug/panic.c gcc -Ikern/debug/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -c kern/debug/panic.c -o obj/kern/debug/panic.o echo + cc kern/debug/kdebug.c gcc -Ikern/debug/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -c kern/debug/kdebug.c -o obj/kern/debug/kdebug.o echo + cc kern/debug/kmonitor.c gcc -Ikern/debug/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -c kern/debug/kmonitor.c -o obj/kern/debug/kmonitor.o echo + cc kern/driver/clock.c gcc -Ikern/driver/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -c kern/driver/clock.c -o obj/kern/driver/clock.o echo + cc kern/driver/console.c gcc -Ikern/driver/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -c kern/driver/console.c -o obj/kern/driver/console.o echo + cc kern/driver/picirq.c gcc -Ikern/driver/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -c kern/driver/picirq.c -o obj/kern/driver/picirq.o echo + cc kern/driver/intr.c gcc -Ikern/driver/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -c kern/driver/intr.c -o obj/kern/driver/intr.o echo + cc kern/trap/trap.c gcc -Ikern/trap/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -c kern/trap/trap.c -o obj/kern/trap/trap.o echo + cc kern/trap/vectors.S gcc -Ikern/trap/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -c kern/trap/vectors.S -o obj/kern/trap/vectors.o echo + cc kern/trap/trapentry.S gcc -Ikern/trap/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -c kern/trap/trapentry.S -o obj/kern/trap/trapentry.o echo + cc kern/mm/pmm.c gcc -Ikern/mm/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -c kern/mm/pmm.c -o obj/kern/mm/pmm.o # Compile Libs echo + cc libs/string.c gcc -Ilibs/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -c libs/string.c -o obj/libs/string.o echo + cc libs/printfmt.c gcc -Ilibs/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -c libs/printfmt.c -o obj/libs/printfmt.o # Link Kernel Objects and Libs Objects to Kernel Binary File mkdir -p bin/ echo + ld bin/kernel ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/kernel.ld -o bin/kernel obj/kern/init/init.o obj/kern/libs/stdio.o obj/kern/libs/readline.o obj/kern/debug/panic.o obj/kern/debug/kdebug.o obj/kern/debug/kmonitor.o obj/kern/driver/clock.o obj/kern/driver/console.o obj/kern/driver/picirq.o obj/kern/driver/intr.o obj/kern/trap/trap.o obj/kern/trap/vectors.o obj/kern/trap/trapentry.o obj/kern/mm/pmm.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o # Generate Disassembly and Symbol Table objdump -S bin/kernel > obj/kernel.asm objdump -t bin/kernel | sed '1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d' > obj/kernel.sym # Compile and Link Bootloader echo + cc boot/bootasm.S gcc -Iboot/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Os -nostdinc -c boot/bootasm.S -o obj/boot/bootasm.o echo + cc boot/bootmain.c gcc -Iboot/ -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Os -nostdinc -c boot/bootmain.c -o obj/boot/bootmain.o echo + cc tools/sign.c gcc -Itools/ -g -Wall -O2 -c tools/sign.c -o obj/sign/tools/sign.o gcc -g -Wall -O2 obj/sign/tools/sign.o -o bin/sign echo + ld bin/bootblock ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -N -e start -Ttext 0x7C00 obj/boot/bootasm.o obj/boot/bootmain.o -o obj/bootblock.o # Generate Disassembly of Bootloader objdump -S obj/bootblock.o > obj/bootblock.asm # Remove all symbol and relocation information objcopy -S -O binary obj/bootblock.o obj/bootblock.out # Append 0x55AA(2 Bytes) on bootblock bin/sign obj/bootblock.out bin/bootblock # Create UCORE Image dd if=/dev/zero of=bin/ucore.img count=10000 dd if=bin/bootblock of=bin/ucore.img conv=notrunc dd if=bin/kernel of=bin/ucore.img seek=1 conv=notrunc 生成镜像的步骤 编译内核代码,即kern/目录下的源文件 编译公用库代码,即libs/目录下的源文件 将内核源代码的目标文件与公用库目标文件链接在一起,形成Kernel二进制文件 调用objdump生成Kernel的反汇编和符号表文件 编译Bootloader代码 链接Bootloader目标文件 调用objdump生成Bootloader的反汇编 调用objcopy去除Bootloader二进制文件中的符号和重定位信息 调用sign程序,在Bootloader的末尾添加两个字节 使用dd命令创建UCORE镜像 GCC编译参数 (使用gcc -v —help查看详细的参数释义) ...

Oct. 24, 2022 · 17 min · 3555 words · Jiekang Hu